介绍
今年我的生活完全改变了。
今年年初,Write of Passage 是一家中等的生活方式公司。我计划让团队保持小规模,每年运行两个队列。春天的一些谈话改变了我的想法。我不再拥抱 X 轴,而是全力投入公司。我聘请了一支才华横溢的执行团队,在奥斯汀建立了一个制作工作室,并将团队从年初的四名全职员工发展到年底的 22 名。
如此迅速地发展公司既令人兴奋又充满压力。我在彼此的瞬间经历了兴高采烈和失败。大多数时候,我都很享受。我为我们的愿景、我们的文化和我们的产品感到自豪。在我的生活中,我从未经历过我的价值观、我的工作和我的兴趣之间如此紧密的结合。领导这家公司绝对令人陶醉。
有时,它一直在折磨着。我的注意力尤其受到打击。所有的事情都让我的注意力像人行道上的鸽子一样分散。创造性地,我受苦了。我的写作受到了最大的打击。因此,过于关注公司也让我与朋友和家人疏远了。
令人惊讶的是,有多少业务归结于人。事实证明,“擅长做生意”的阿尔法比预期的要少,而在理解人类行为方面的阿尔法比预期的要多。
作为领导者(和个人),我不得不面对自己的缺点。厌恶冲突就是其中之一。过去,我退缩到沉默而不是说出我的想法。就像我的朋友 Sam 三年级时在篮球场上对我大喊大叫,但我没有因此叫他出去。不过,这些冲突现在已经产生了实际后果。如果我不面对压力,坏事就会发生。短期内看似慈悲的行为,从长远来看可能会导致破坏。
这份年度回顾是关于我在今年运行 Write of Passage 时学到的经验教训。这是关于我的成功和失败,我的快乐和我的奋斗,我的梦想和我的遗憾。我已经将它分为多个部分。我将从反思我在年初设定的目标开始。然后我会为 2023 年设定新的目标。最后,我也会分享我今年学到的最好的经验教训。
如果您想返回并阅读之前的评论,请查看我写的关于2019 年、 2020 年和2021 年的内容。
反思 2022 年目标
100,000 名电子邮件订阅者 + 保持写作势头
啊。我在这里搞砸了。我的电子邮件列表只增加了 15,000 人,我发的推文比过去七年来的任何时候都少,下半年只发表了一篇长篇论文。
主要归咎于优先考虑业务。发展团队和巩固我们的工作方式需要大量的关注。我的大部分深度工作时间都花在了招聘、公司结构、内部会议和公司愿景之类的备忘录上。从策略上讲,我在写作时并没有很好地远离 Slack、电子邮件和 iMessage。 “所有的入境都是瘫痪的。我经常是“心烦意乱的大卫”。
我也没有像过去那样有效地管理我的日程安排。在我的整个职业生涯中,我每天写作 90 分钟。今年我失去了这个习惯。即使我有时间写作,我的注意力也不那么集中。结果,我的成就感和 Write of Passage 的收入增长受到了影响(哦,因为你在教人们如何写 shi 而无法写作,这具有讽刺意味)。
我的许多创意块都是情绪化的。有时,我对公司内部发生的事情感到压力太大,以至于我没有足够的空间专注于写作。我的情绪过于动荡,几乎是故意的,我对此感到遗憾。进入这一年,我相信有效的领导力来自于匹配我团队中人们的情绪波动。当人们焦虑时,我变得焦虑。当人们被激怒时,我也被激怒了。我认为这是一件好事。
男孩,我错了。事实恰恰相反。有效的领导力是在事情失控时保持冷静。这在商业上等同于拿破仑对军事天才的定义:“当周围的其他人都失去理智时,他能做普通的事情。”
保持冷静的一部分是相信事情会好起来的。就像飞机颠簸一样。前几次,你吓坏了。然后你意识到这是正常的(然后嘲笑你旁边所有吓坏了的人)。
为了履行我的承诺,我越来越需要证明我日程安排上的一切都是合理的。我没有写我想写的东西,而是开始写我应该写的东西。这让我窒息。问题在于,最具个人影响力的文章是智力突破的副产品。你无法合理化你的方式。
为了最大限度地发挥创造力,你必须邀请缪斯进入你的内心,而试图证明你所有的智力直觉是将它们拒之门外的最可靠方法。神秘主义者和知识分子先驱之间的维恩图有如此多的重叠并非巧合。大卫鲍伊真的相信他是外星人;爱因斯坦痴迷于一位名叫海伦娜·布拉瓦茨基(Helena Blavatsky)的神秘研究者。尼古拉特斯拉声称他从与收音机的对话中获得了灵感;约翰洛克菲勒相信他正在通过制造石油来完成上帝的工作。薛定谔在一次野营旅行中发现了他著名的方程式,他独自穿越森林深处,将珍珠戴在耳朵上以隔绝声音,并发现了永远改变量子力学的方程式; Paul Dirac 说他的同名方程式是从一场火中想到的,火焰在那里对他说话并向他展示了方程式( 这些例子来自这篇优秀的文章)。
所有这些创新者都遇到了他们的缪斯女神。
从写作的角度来看,今年并不是完全失败。我为《写作终极指南》感到格外自豪。我在这篇文章中清楚地表达了我对奥斯汀的感受(并在此过程中冒犯了很多人)。较短的文章,如28 条人生建议和我的传送带教育理论,也使我脑海中酝酿了很长时间的想法具体化。
不过,这样低效的写作年不会再发生了。公开写作是我所做的最有成就感的工作之一。截至目前,它也是 Write of Passage 的主要增长渠道。我计划明年做出一些重大改变。
聘请执行团队撰写文章
当我开始这一年时,我业务中的几乎所有内容都与 Tiago Forte 相关。我们共享一个团队三年。该合作伙伴关系是针对在线课程业务周期性的创造性解决方案。我们俩每年只跑几个队列。当我们实际运行队列时,我们只需要人员。今年剩下的时间里,我们想独自一人写作和发展我们的观众。我们的员工知道只有提供全职工作才能为我们工作,因此我们的员工在我们的课程之间摇摆不定。在 2022 年初解散我们的合作伙伴关系在战术上和情感上都是艰巨的。
操作任务特别具有挑战性。当你经营一家企业时,除了交付产品的实际工作之外,你还需要考虑很多事情——税收、工资单、法律、公司结构、撤退计划、报销、工作方式、软件工具等等。寻求帮助是我 2022 年上半年的首要任务。
我们聘请了一个猎头团队来为我们寻找运营副总裁。根据Andrew Wilkinson的建议,我坚持选择以前做过这项工作的人。在这种情况下,他们需要作为运营主管将一家在线教育公司发展到年收入八位数。我们一定已经采访了 80 名候选人,感觉就像是一场漫长的旅程。开始寻找五个月后,我们聘请了 Chris Monk。今天,他是 Write of Passage 的中坚力量。雇用他是我今年最大的胜利之一,有他在船上,我晚上睡得更香。
下半年致力于聘请营销副总裁。这个招聘过程要困难得多。营销人员的招聘含糊不清,而且工作难以量化,因此很难衡量能力。几个月来,我们没有动力。分享职位描述感觉就像把鱼饵放到没有鱼的池塘里。然后艾琳·艾奇逊神奇地出现了。我们立即感受到了火花,迅速与她建立了关系,让她飞到奥斯汀进行了一系列面对面的谈话,我们所有的问题让她有点发疯,并在第二天签署了虚线。她仍然因为这一切的混乱而嘲笑我,但是嘿,我保护文化。对不起不对不起!
到目前为止,我喜欢我们执行团队的运作方式:我们很愉快,但不怕互相指责错误。我们足够一致,可以朝着同一个方向前进,但又足够不同,可以拥抱导致有效决策的生产紧张。我们的辩论很激烈,但相互尊重。不过,我们还在成熟。从哲学上讲,我们仍在学习何时加快速度以及何时耐心等待;什么时候严厉,什么时候慈悲;如何以 Write of Passage-y 的方式扩大公司规模。
研究圣经
这没有发生。我厌倦了我的圣经学习。虽然我喜欢它对文本的关注程度,但对话并没有让我参与其中。我也只在下半年见过我的拉比一次。
明年,我想继续这些研究,更深入地关注原始文本。为了学习犹太教,我将在年初与我的拉比制定一个游戏计划。为了学习基督教,我将与当地的牧师、学者和寻求者组织自己的阅读小组,而不是参加同一个圣经学习班。
与 Johnathan Bi 合作进行了一个由 7 部分组成的关于 René Girard 哲学的系列讲座,也加深了我对基督教的理解。 您可以在此处观看介绍性讲座。
2023 年的个人目标
为读者创造情感体验
灵感来自尚未发布的How I Write对 Riva Tez 的采访。她的写作和我在网上关注的任何人一样生动。由于她使用如此生动的语言和比喻的方式,她的话在感官层面和理智层面上都打动了我。当你从逻辑上分析它们时,她的一些最深刻的段落甚至会崩溃。
举个例子:“美国梦已经被大量包装平庸的色情片所取代,鼓励我们像快乐的猪一样陶醉在自己的温顺中。”
我们被教导与令人印象深刻的写作联系在一起的异想天开的 SAT 单词在这里无处可寻。这些词本身很容易理解,但总的来说,她将它们播种在生动的挂毯纹身中,在读者的脑海中留下了持久的形象。这种生动的文字更容易被记住,因为记忆的显着性更多地与情感相关,而不是与事实相关。
我希望我的个人写作能够超越清晰和逻辑,以绕过读者的知识核心,并在更深层次和更发自内心的层面上产生共鸣。诗人就是这样做的。小说家就是这样做的。一些名不见经传的网络作家也这样做。但是在我最关注的非小说/技术/商业/自助领域,这种感官写作几乎无处可寻。
我将如何获得这项技能?
我会阅读我钦佩的作家,并分析他们擅长的地方(大卫福斯特华莱士和格雷戈里大卫罗伯茨突然想到)。他们如何塑造他们的句子?他们选择什么词?他们什么时候优先考虑清晰度,什么时候转向隐喻?
只要有可能,我就会量化他们的方法,并相信它会通过渗透过程影响到我。到了再次写作的时候,我会采取一种直觉的姿势——因为最高的创造力来自直觉,而不是分析。
重新设计我的个人网站
我的网站应该是我们在 Write of Passage 所教授内容的最终体现。它应该是我是谁和我代表什么的数字表达。它应该以一种增强想法而不是剥夺想法的方式毫无疑问地属于我。我目前的网站不符合这些标准。
我希望我的网站感觉就像我的客厅,风格和内容相互促进(一直到脚注的显示方式和电子邮件捕获表单的设计方式)。我厌倦了极简主义。我不想追逐它,即使它是以广泛的影响为代价的,它以病毒式传播和搜索引擎优化的名义将灵魂从设计中剥离出来。
我希望我的网站感觉像是 SMEG + Dolce & Gabbana 厨房用具合作、装饰艺术雕像、意大利未来主义的调色板、迪斯尼乐园欢乐(但古典)的美学、后期印象派、托马斯科尔的梦幻般的大杂烩和伊甸园式的风景、凯尔特书法、舒适的桃花心木书房、高迪素描、Madeon 视觉效果、都柏林三一大学图书馆和法式室内设计。
这是该网站的情绪板和我个人的总体审美。
提高我的品味
良好的品味成为最高成功的区分因素,但我知道很少有人努力提高自己的品味。尽管理性的人可能对质量是什么样子有不同意见,但价值等级绝对存在,否则你就太傻了。一旦你开始创造东西,这就会变得很明显。
首先,我想提高我对人的品味,这样我就可以更好地识别应该在 Write of Passage 工作的人。我最喜欢的面试问题之一变成了:“你是如何培养自己的品味的?”如果与我交谈的人认真对待他们的手艺,他们会点亮并给出一个有启发性的答案。
以下是我今年发现的一些最佳招聘启发法:
- 好人讲具体:他们可以同时着眼大局,脚踏实地。当他们放大工作时,他们会提到您从未想过要考虑的细节。提防那些只用崇高抽象说话的有魅力的人。
- 杰出的人是神奇的:他们不断地给你惊喜。当您看到他们的作品时,您会咯咯地笑,因为他们提供了您从未想过会要求的东西。
- 做真正的工作任务:标准的招聘流程过度衡量候选人面试的能力。真正的工作任务是过滤掉那些说得好但工作做得不好的人的最好方法。尽可能使用定时任务,这样您就可以看到人们在规定的时间内可以完成什么。
我花了十年的大部分时间磨练自己对高质量互联网写作的品味。今年,当我发现文化导师并将他聘为我们的 Write of Passage 的常驻作家时,所有这些滚动的 Twitter 英里数都变得非常重要。
我们第一次见面时,他只写了六个星期。他刚刚发布了一个 Twitter 主题,宣布推出新的订阅电子邮件时事通讯。鉴于他的轨迹,我认为这是一个糟糕的主意,因为他发布的大部分内容都隐藏在付费专区后面,这会减缓他的受众增长。我几乎没有意识到他是一个饥饿艺术家的原型。在我们的第一次互动中,他身无分文,和父母住在一起。为了赚点小钱,他最近白天在麦当劳工作,在母校上夜班,在那里他在荧光灯下的夜晚读书和写作。在我第一次与他交谈 15 分钟后,我给了他一份年薪,这样他就可以全职专注于写作。在发布他的第一条推文八个月后,他拥有超过 100 万粉丝,并且拥有世界上增长最快的 Twitter 受众之一。
我也想发展我的创作品味。杰里·宋飞 (Jerry Seinfeld) 将“品味”和“洞察力”称为优秀艺术家的双重技能时,他就做到了这一点。他说:“创造是一回事。 [你也]必须选择。 ‘我们会做什么?我们不打算做什么?这是艺术生存的一个重要方面。”
以下是我积极提高品味的一些方法:
- 我在公共场合写作。
- 我每天都写。
- 我根据写得好和内容丰富的内容来选择要阅读的内容。我解构我喜欢的东西并效仿我最喜欢的作家。
- 我前往当地人在某些领域表现出色的城市,并试图了解为什么它是创新的纽带。文化可能是主观的并且难以量化,但在给定领域持续取得巨大成功肯定不是随机的。每当我访问城市(例如奥斯汀、蒙特利尔和底特律)时,我都会尝试写下它们。
- 我尽我所能让高绩效的人围绕在自己身边。不管他们擅长什么,他们几乎都以同样的方式表现自己,我想通过吸取智慧的稻草来吸收所有可以学习的东西。希望我也能报答。
- “你对设计的品味远远落后于你的野心”是我今年收到的最难的建议之一。它伤害了,因为它是真实的。疯狂的是我比以前好多了。我采用 Lindy 方法来培养我的审美品味。我几乎忽略了所有现代的东西,转而研究经典。我什至有一个 Twitter 列表,专门介绍我几乎每天浏览的经典艺术。我在艺术博物馆和观看艺术史纪录片上花费了太多时间。我在奥斯汀共事的室内设计师也提升了我的品味。
从长远来看,“培养良好的品位”是我职业生涯的一句好话。这适用于对人、产品、企业、写作、演讲、讲故事和设计的品味。一切。为质量改进我的鼻子是我的日常纪律。
前往源头
如果我要经营一家远程公司,我最好通过旅行来利用它。西欧一直在呼唤我的名字。我认为这是因为美国人的美感不发达。没有哪个美国城市能像我最近去巴黎旅行时那样让你感受到那种回荡的敬畏。哈里特·比彻·斯托 (Harriet Beecher Stowe) 于 1854 年访问巴黎时得出了同样的结论。她在回忆自己的出生地时写道:“尽管新英格兰的热诚和实际效率很高,但灵魂中更空灵的部分却长期枯萎——压碎美丽——这太可怕了。”
巴黎的帝国气势恢弘。当地人都知道。游客也知道它,这就是为什么它是世界上访问量最大的城市。
巴黎之美
尽管法国人对他们的文化有点势利,但他们并不总是尊重它。在16、17世纪,他们羡慕意大利人拥有更精美的绘画和更高品质的大理石。参观所有意大利艺术是参观卢浮宫最令人惊讶的部分。该博物馆收藏了世界上最大的达芬奇画作。参议院宫殿是佛罗伦萨皮蒂宫的字面复制品。
每当我欣赏的事物聚集在某个地理位置时,我总是会尝试访问。 “去源头”是我所知道的一些最好的学习建议。就像阅读那些激发您最喜爱的作家灵感的书籍一样有帮助,访问您最喜爱的艺术运动的地理起源也是值得的。
2022年,在巴黎之前,我还去了爱尔兰西部,我最喜欢的诗人约翰·奥多纳休曾经住过的地方。 2023 年,我计划访问佛罗伦萨,了解法国和意大利艺术之间的联系。
当我在那里时,我还想参观Brunello Cucinelli Solomeo 的总部,并会见那里的一些高层。我还没有找到一家公司能够更好地平衡出色工作的愿望与对美的欣赏以及尊重人类精神的愿望。他们不仅生产优质羊绒。他们以我想要效仿的那种尊严工作。
你应该知道 Brunello Cucinelli。
他是一个价值 4.5 亿美元的时尚品牌的亿万富翁创始人。他的公司估值超过 16 亿欧元,这得益于他激进的经营方式。
这个线程是我从他那里学到的最好的东西的集合。
– 大卫佩雷尔 (@david_perell) 2020 年 10 月 11 日
当我们被关怀包围时,我们的人文精神就会活跃起来。如果您正在为电子表格上的数字制作一些东西,您将只关注实用性。但是,如果你关心你正在为之做事的人,你就会超越理性上合理的东西,并做一些事情来提升他们的精神。
对我来说,缺乏人造美感是住在奥斯汀最难的部分。我爱这里的人民,但我的艺术精神却在这里死了。粗糙的建筑环境是你在一个超个人主义和短时间视野的无神世界中得到的。
我喜欢书,但有太多东西无法表达。今年早些时候,当一位朋友访问佛罗伦萨时,她说:“你可以随心所欲地阅读有关权力的文章,但只有参观了由米开朗基罗装饰的大理石填充的美第奇家族陵墓,你才能欣赏它。宏伟的雕像和高耸的天花板会让你感到自己的渺小。”
像这样的时刻就是我想去的原因。
公司 2023 年目标
旗舰:我们的成人计划
进入这一年,关于我们旗舰产品的几乎所有内容都停留在我的联合创始人 Will Mannon 的脑海中。这对他和公司来说都是不可持续的。我们开玩笑说产品感觉就像挂在绳子上一样。如果那根绳子被切断,它就会全部掉到地上。
春天,我们聘请丹·斯利曼 (Dan Sleeman) 担任我们的旗舰总监。他花了一年的时间来运营该产品。他还建立了基础设施来跟踪学生的写作,并确保每一篇学生的写作都能从我们的团队那里得到反馈。
我们还定义了我们的核心承诺:
- 发布高质量的想法:在 GPT 时代,平庸的写作不会让你走到任何地方。我们帮助您写出只有您才能写出的东西。你的写作越好,你获得的机会也就越多。
- 找到你的人:通过 Write of Passage 和公开分享想法,你会结识你最亲密的朋友。
- 2 倍你的潜力:我们帮助学生将他们的收入翻倍,将他们的创造力翻倍,并找到两倍有意义的工作。
核心承诺使塑造我们的旗舰产品变得更加容易。这是我们第一次明确表示我们的立场。在我们做出承诺之前,每当有人要求退款时,我们都会大吃一惊。我们会重新评估产品、我们的销售策略,有时甚至是我们作为人的价值。现在,我们对退款请求更加冷静。由于大多数要求退款的人都有买家的悔恨或买错了产品,我们更愿意说“这个产品不适合你”并退还他们的钱。但是,当我们未能兑现我们的核心承诺时,我们会非常认真地对待它。
到 2023 年,我们有两个主要目标:1,000 名全额付费学生 + 第二个付费产品,以帮助人们提高写作水平并增加不同群体的受众。
对于每一个连续的队列,我也希望学生体验对我的依赖更少。
升空:我们的高中生计划
升空开始缓慢。我的听众并没有像我们预期的那样接受它,只有 16 名学生加入了测试计划,这对我来说是一个沉重的打击。我们仍然想帮助高中生在线写作,但需要一种新的方式来吸引他们。
最雄心勃勃的孩子仍然会申请大学。这是世界的方式,我们将利用它来发挥我们的优势。 据估计,有 80% 的大学不需要为 2023 年的申请者提供 SAT 或 ACT 成绩,大学论文变得越来越重要,我们有能力帮助学生撰写他们的论文。学生将通过付费的大学论文研讨会找到我们。我们的目标是让他们如此高效和愉快,以至于我们的参与者会渴望加入完整的 Liftoff 计划并始终如一地与我们一起写作。
今年,我们希望有 2,000 名付费学生加入研讨会或队列。我们希望他们中的 80% 提交他们的大学论文以及他们在 Liftoff 中写的东西。
我们还希望到今年年底,我们的 Liftoff 队列中有 200 名学生。
彼得·蒂尔 (Peter Thiel) 著名的采访问题是:“很少有人同意您的哪些重要真理?”
我们的回答是,互联网时代,大班好过小班。教育产品现在可以随着成长而改进。对于初学者来说,不管有多少学生收听,我的经验基本上是一样的。我们有更多的学生,我们可以投入更多的生产。拥有数千名学生的队列可以更轻松地结识与您的知识波长相同的人,这就是为什么我们最终希望在我们的 Liftoff 计划中有数千名学生。在这种规模下,我们可以聘请一个团队来提供 24/7 的编辑支持。学生将能够在睡觉前提交他们的论文,并在他们醒来时进行编辑。
雄心勃勃的高中生被严重低估了。他们有能力,但缺乏支持。他们的老师低估了他们,他们的父母不知道如何对待他们,他们的朋友也没有分享他们的热情。在学校里,他们被教导个人主义是一件坏事。他们被告知要遵循教学大纲,而不是他们天生的好奇心。我们想鼓励相反的做法。我采访过的一位高中生(她是一位杰出的作家)除了她最好的朋友外,没有告诉任何人她的博客,因为她不想被人取笑。像她这样的学生有成千上万。对他们来说,Liftoff 将是一片绿洲。
打造独立媒体公司
到目前为止,我们一直专注于产品。几乎每一位新员工都帮助我们更好地开展课程。发展学生团体主要是事后才想到的。专注得到了回报。在开始 Write of Passage 四年后,我们终于开发了一个坚固的系统来构建和改进我们的课程。有很多工作要做,但(非常)基本的基础已经到位。
我们通过教育破解了一些东西。我们以机构系统不会也不能做的方式进行教学。
我们目前每年教大约 600 名学生。我们最终想教 10,000 人。为了做到这一点,我们需要扩大我们的影响力。
与学生建立直接关系是第一步。我们不想依赖主流媒体来达到目的。他们过于关注现状。现在的报道比以前更懒了(这就是为什么我在大学辍学的原因)。我们还将绕过学校系统而不是穿过它。卷入教育机构的蜘蛛网会让我们放慢脚步并阻止我们创新,直到最终我们陷入困境。核心要素是拥有数十万订户的公司电子邮件列表、成功校友的舰队、一流的课程、概述我们方法的文章、吸引高级作家的播客以及展示感受的视频想成为一名 Write of Passage 学生。
仅仅有关于修复教育的好想法是不够的。我们需要人们实际参加我们的课程。
当前的教育系统严重崩溃。孩子们讨厌学校,教科书行业是骗局,成绩膨胀猖獗,标准化考试成绩下降,许多大学的期末调查被用于预算目的,而不是改善学生体验。做更多我们已经在做的事情不会解决太多问题。营利性教育是修复系统的最佳方式。
该系统受到其自身微不足道的经济学的限制。有才华的人想赚钱。如果教育公司无法支付丰厚的工资,顶尖人才将转向可以支付的行业(如法律、科技、咨询或私募股权)。为教育寻找有利可图的商业模式是持续吸引顶尖人才的第一步。
如果我们盈利,我们还可以确保需要加入我们计划的每个人都可以加入——无论他们来自哪里或有多少钱。
为了做出我们需要做出的改变,我们需要专注于营销和生产:
1.营销
打造出色的产品不足以改变教育体系。我们也必须成为伟大的营销人员。
史蒂夫·乔布斯浮现在脑海中。回想起来,很容易认为 iPod、iPhone 或您正在阅读本文的计算机是不可避免的。但它们只是因为乔布斯的愿景而存在。当他在硅谷开始工作时,计算机极客们不明白为什么人们会想要现成的计算机。他们也喜欢工业美学。乔布斯有不同的看法。他希望电脑既优雅又漂亮。为了实现他的愿景,他必须让普通人接受个人计算的理念。每周,他都会与他的营销和创意团队举行一次三小时的会议。他亲自批准了每一个商业平面广告和广告牌。虽然他方法的细节不是我的风格,但它的精神绝对是。 Apple 的音乐播放器广告费用是其他所有公司加起来的 100 倍。我不记得 Zune 的广告,也不记得 Walkman 的广告,但我绝对记得 iPod 广告中跳舞的剪影。 Apple 在让技术变得酷炫方面所做的努力比任何其他公司都多。
我看到了早期的计算和今天的教育行业之间的相似之处。就像早期的计算机一样,学校的理念需要重塑品牌。学校宣传自己的方式和他们的教学一样陈旧。正如乔布斯开创了计算机可以是美丽而强大的理念,我们也可以开创教育可以是有趣和有效的理念。
到今年年底,我们希望在 Flagship 电子邮件列表上有 50,000 个新电子邮件订阅者(和 50% 的打开率),在 Liftoff 列表上有 20,000 个订阅者。营销部门还负责让 1,000 名学生参加我们的旗舰课程,并让 2,000 名学生参加 Liftoff 计划。
2.生产
精明的制作团队是我们营销和产品工作的力量倍增器。
大部分营销是生产的下游。就像太空任务一样,生产在发射前需要做大量工作。今年我们花了六个月的时间在得克萨斯州奥斯汀建立了一个完整的制作工作室。装备是一流的,套装是老师的梦想。从美学上讲,它是对美和卓越创意的极端极简主义颂歌。到目前为止,没有什么比一位客人将工作室描述为“宗教体验”更让我兴奋的了。
我们为万圣节装饰布景,我打扮成曼达洛人。 工作室美学来自即将发布的与伯恩·霍巴特合作的《我如何写作》一集。
我们也在工作室制作视频。迄今为止,我们一直在努力通过网站上的文字来传达能量。学生们一再表示,直到第一堂现场课,他们才明白 Write of Passage 魔法。视频是概述体验的更有效方式,这就是我们组建制作团队的原因。
我们的生产团队也将帮助产品。 At the end of the day, we don’t compete with other schools. We compete with Netflix, YouTube, TikTok, and video games. If we’re going to win the attention battle against them, we have to make it fun to learn writing. We want our courses to be delicious and nutritious. Think back to your favorite teachers. In addition to being subject-matter experts, they were funny and captivating storytellers (Richard Feynman is a prime example).
I dream of changing the learning experience like Walt Disney changed amusement parks. Before Disneyland, amusement park employees coldly referred to their visitors as “marks.” Walt rejected the conventional wisdom. To create a warmer and more hospitable environment, he insisted on calling them “guests.” Instead of hiring industry experts, he brought in people from his movie studio. Imagining the park, he said: “Disneyland will be something of a fair, an exhibition, a playground, a community center, a museum of living facts, and a showplace of beauty and magic.”
Why can’t Write of Passage be the same?
How I Write Podcast
In the spirit of a Steve Jobs presentation, there’s “one more thing.” As part of the independent media company initiative, I’m launching a podcast called How I Write . Think of it like How I Built This, but for writing. Writers always do a podcast tour when they release a book, but never talk about their process for writing it. They only talk about the content of the book. In addition to interviewing my favorite published authors, I’ll interview online writers who embody the Write of Passage ethos.
The plan is to record most interviews in person. I’ll only record remotely if I really can’t be in the same physical location as my guest. In-person interviews inspire friendlier feelings of camaraderie and open up the potential for video. In advance of our launch, we’ve hired a full-time podcast producer and an insanely talented video editor to produce clips for the show.
Key goal: 30 episodes + 500,000 downloads by year’s end.
Solidify the Company Culture
Culture is the least tangible part of building a company, but arguably the most important. Watching the company 5x in size in one year has me paranoid about losing the culture. I’m an absolute hawk about it. New employees can’t join without an interrogation interview from me. I’d faster blow up the company than lose our intensity and surrender to the creep of corporate mediocrity.
If you’re going to work with us, you have to be all in. You have to think deeply, work swiftly, care personally, have a flaming heart, and hold yourself to exceptionally high standards. Most people won’t like working here, but if somebody’s a fit, they’ll love it.
Something is always off-kilter when you run a company. Conflict and confrontation are everyday occurrences. Somebody’s always agitated. Somebody’s always going through a hard time. If you demand total order and calmness, you won’t get anything done. Most people get angsty when something is wrong. Great CEOs don’t get distraught and relish the barrage of problems in their purview. Learning to navigate conflict and make hard decisions fast is the price of entry for running a successful company.
Unfortunately, a few of our hires haven’t worked out. Through trial-and-error, we’ve learned that people who thrive at Write of Passage relish an ever-present waterfall of information. They’re voracious readers who write well and enjoy doing so. Since we move at Internet speed and operate transparently, it’s a hard place to work for people who are easily overwhelmed by a lot of information.
When we saw the benefits of direct feedback, we embraced Radical Candor — the combination of caring personally and challenging directly — as one of our Ways of Working . Radical Candor is a jarring transition for people who are used to living in a Dilbert comic. They’re not used to giving and receiving direct feedback, and they’re definitely not used to speaking so honestly with their managers or the CEO.
Radical Candor isn’t just about criticism. It’s also about praising others (which is often more effective). The best feedback is specific. If it’s critical, it should come with a concrete suggestion for how to improve.
Source: Candor Inc.
Radical Candor takes time to understand. When people hear Radical Candor, they default to worrying about “Obnoxious Aggression.” They think of the military sergeant who withholds praise and scolds their lieutenant for making an honest mistake.
Most tech and education companies suffer more from “Ruinous Empathy” though. They run from difficult conversations, for fear of hurting another person’s feelings. Anger pents up inside. Frustrations go uncommunicated. Nobody says what needs to be said. Even the praise feels hollow and sometimes, vaguely condescending too. Like the well-meaning parent who refuses to discipline their kids in the name of love, they do what’s easy in the short-term but destructive in the long-term. The result is a political culture where people talk behind each other’s back and get unexpectedly fired without any feedback in advance.
There were multiple times this year when a message was poorly received on Slack. Text is a lossy medium. Messages will be interpreted in the harshest possible way, especially before you’ve gotten to know the other person. The recipient can’t see the smirk that comes with the snark. Videos and voice memos can help. So does picking up the phone and calling somebody like it’s 1983 or something. I even hopped on an airplane to have a few conversations because they required the delicacy of a high-resolution, in-person conversation.
To combat these challenges, I encourage everybody to be earnest and exceptionally kind in text communication (even if it’s a little over the top) until they have a strong relationship with the person they’re writing to.
For difficult conversations, the best mantra I learned this year is: “High care, high empathy, low emotion.”
- High care: Difficult conversations go better when you genuinely care about the other person. People can feel when you’re really listening or when you’re treating them like a pawn.
- High empathy: This is about looking at the whole person in front of you. People don’t just work for Write of Passage. They have families, friends, dreams, pains, and challenges outside of work.
- Low emotion: This is the toughest one for me. All of my hardest conversations have an emotional undertone. People come to me when they’re angry, anxious, nervous, insecure, and frustrated. As a leader, I need to stay calm so I can soberly confront the situation.
I aspire to be the combo of Spock and Mother Teresa. Most managers get it backwards. When somebody isn’t performing, they’re like Mother Teresa and refuse to provide direct feedback. Then, one day, when they let go of the person, they become as cold, distant, and half-human as Spock. Do the opposite. When somebody isn’t performing, be like Spock. Speak truthfully. Tell the other person what’s not working. Paint an objective picture for what success looks like. If it still doesn’t work out and you have to let them go, be like Mother Teresa. Lead with compassion, support their transition, and earnestly offer to help them find their next job.
Or, as one friend said after a few beers: Don’t blow smoke up people’s ass while they’re working for you, only to kick them out the door later.
Radical Candor flows more naturally once these habits are in place. A piece of positive or negative feedback is shared in almost every meeting I have. I’ve found it much easier to trust people who proactively critique themselves and earnestly define how they’re going to improve. “Everything’s going great” is a red flag. At times, I’ve even seen an inverse correlation between real and self-reported progress. The more honest people are about the ups and the downs, the more I want to work with them.
YC for Writers: Our Long-Term Vision
When Write of Passage started, I was the nexus of everything. Then Will joined and took ownership over the student experience. Coming into 2022, almost everything at the company rested on our shoulders. If either of us had been hit by a bus, all that we’d built would’ve instantly evaporated.
As the company’s grown, the Write of Passage brand has developed its own reputation. Each cohort, fewer and fewer people enroll because of me. Long-term, I want the Write of Passage brand to be much larger than the David Perell one.
For inspiration, I look to what Paul Graham did with Y-Combinator . Since he founded it, the grooves of his thinking (and essays) are etched into the program’s core. But the YC brand is bigger than his now. Nobody in the program expects the majority of what they learn to come from him directly. The program revolves around principles instead of people — principles like “talk to users,” “build something people want,” and “do things that don’t scale.” Even if many of the defining principles are Graham-isms, teachable lessons can come from anybody now. Like YC, Write of Passage is more about the people you meet and the things you do than what you actually learn.
I’d like Write of Passage to be similar. My DNA will always be inside the product, but we’ll ultimately limit ourselves if I do all the teaching.
In some ways, we’ve already achieved some separation. Our Editor-in-Chief, Michael Dean now owns the curriculum. Besides being a savant at structuring and visualizing information, he teaches the craft of writing better than I ever could. We’ve also hired a lead instructor for Liftoff (named JP) who transmits the Write of Passage spirit to high schoolers more effectively than I ever could. Beyond our full-time staff, there were 38 people involved in running our most recent cohort. Every mentor program is a course inside the course, and shares a different perspective on the craft of online writing, such as publishing psychology, finding your voice, and audience growth.
We also have a team of paid editors. Students collectively wrote almost 500,000 words during our most recent cohort, and every single piece received feedback from one of our paid editors. The edits had an average turnaround time of less than 24 hours too.
Due to the power law economics of venture capital, YC disproportionately benefits from attracting A-grade talent. With our product roadmap, so will we. Our approach is different though. YC turns people into entrepreneurs; we turn them into writers. YC attracts STEM types; we attract Liberal Arts types. YC gives people a network of advisors, investors, and fellow entrepreneurs; we give people a network of teachers, editors, and fellow writers. YC measures success on revenue growth and the quality of their product; we measure it on audience growth and the quality of their writing.
To create such an experience, Write of Passage needs to grow beyond me. I’ve never been able to run the actual company during a cohort. That was acceptable when he had one product and a team of three people. It was a nuisance when we had a team of ten people. It’ll tilt towards destruction as we grow.
Become a Better Leader
Steve Jobs didn’t enjoy the company-building process. He didn’t care about companies as abstract entities. Instead, he saw companies (so long as they had strong cultures and capable people) as the essential ingredient for building great products — what actually mattered to him. He said, “For me, it’s about the products. It’s about working together with really fun, smart, creative people and making wonderful things. It’s not about the money.”
我同意。 A company is fundamentally about mobilizing a group of people in order to make an impact. When you work alone, you’re limited by your own capabilities. Groups of people are far more capable. You can make stellar progress by setting a bold vision and bringing together the right combination of talents and personalities.
Here’s what haunts me though: Every entrepreneur I’ve studied was a far better leader at the end of their career than the beginning. I’m undoubtedly the same way. I constantly ask myself: “What am I doing wrong? How can I catch my weaknesses early?” This year, I asked my entire team to critique my performance.
Multiple people felt that I was acting too impulsively. Making quick decisions is part and parcel of running a successful startup, but impulsive has a negative connotation. Some people felt that I was jumping to conclusions and changing directions on a whim. To remedy this, I’ve already started speaking in more questions and hypotheticals instead of absolutes. I’ve also been sharing more context around my decisions. Whenever possible, I try to ground them in our mission, company values, and ways of working.
As I wrote to the team: “I once again want to thank you for being radically candid with me. At Write of Passage, we care personally and challenge directly. We do it with Hearts on Fire and whenever possible, offer concrete suggestions for improvement. These performance reviews are a core part of what we do here. Thoughtful critique, clear writing, and an unquenchable thirst for improvement will continue to be rewarded here.”
Open Questions
Measuring the Unmeasurable
I used to be against objective metrics. I gulped the Seeing Like a State black pill too fast. You need metrics as your company scales. As a leader, your ability to distribute decision-making is one of the core constraints on your ability to grow. Setting a few clear metrics is one of the best ways to do that. Metrics aren’t the problem. Poor metrics are.
One of my biggest open questions is how to measure the unmeasurable. Sometimes, the gap between success and quality is minimal. For example, we want more than 90% of Liftoff students to enjoy the program more than their high-school writing class — while learning more too. Sometimes, it’s a little more difficult. The incentives for creating marketing content skew towards giga-cringe, lowest-common-denominator milquetoast junk. I’d sooner resign as the CEO than have our name associated with such disposable writing. How can we measure and incentivize tasteful marketing that converts?
Then, there’s the spirit of the cohorts themselves. At Write of Passage, we passionately reject the assumption that learning environments have to be boring in order to be effective. Such thinking is nonsense yet oppressively pervasive. We aren’t just fighting the education system. We’re on a crusade against the soul-numbing, brain-deadening, spirit-crushing institutional apparatus that surrounds us.
Creating magic is one way to do that. With magic tricks, what looks wondrous to the audience is predictable for the magician. It takes a meticulously planned and well-rehearsed series of steps to seemingly bend the laws of physics.
Disneyland is similar. Their magic is enabled by clear metrics and rational thinking. One of their core metrics is the percentage of customers who return for a repeat visit (they hover at around 70%). Early on, they discovered that the average person would carry a piece of trash twenty-seven feet before throwing it on the ground, which inspired the spacing between their trash cans, all of which match the section of the park where they’re located. There’s a lot we can learn from them. Rumor has it that you can take a behind-the-scenes tour to see how they run the park. It’s top of my bucket list for 2023.
Write of Passage should be a wondrous and awe-inspiring learning experience. I don’t know how to measure that though. Should we aim to quantify these emotions? If so, how should we do it? If not, how can we sustainably create magical experiences as we grow?
Sitting in front of Snow White’s castle with my co-founder, Will Mannon.
How Can I Write in Public While Growing the Company?
I saved the hardest section for last. This is the third time I’ve fully re-written it because I’m struggling so mightily to write consistently while running the business, especially as the team has grown.
Until 2022, I was very disciplined about my writing time. I wrote for 90 minutes every day and basically didn’t let anything get in the way. I dropped that habit, and guess what? I had an atrocious writing year. Though I didn’t miss a single Monday Musings, I only published two long-form essays during the second half of the year.
Not spending enough time in a focused writing state was the culprit, and such poor writing output is a dark cloud under an otherwise sunny year.
Part of the challenge is that I’m so new to being an executive. I feel like the kinds of Write of Passage students who are new to writing and have a lot of potential, but still struggle with every piece because they haven’t published enough. When they worry they’re not doing a good job, I say: “Relax, you’re new to the craft.”
I feel like I have the potential to become a great business leader. I really do. But I have a lot of work to do in order to get there. Though I’m voraciously working to level up, leading Write of Passage is going to be really demanding for the first few years — and I’m up for the task. The challenging tradeoff is that I won’t have the intellectual space to write the kinds of expansive, free-flowing essays I used to write. So if I’m going to publish frequently, I’m going to have to write about what’s top of mind: building a business.
Writing is the heart and soul of what I do. Most of my best opportunities come through Twitter, and the platform generates the vast majority of my email subscribers too. Once somebody becomes an email subscriber, they’re much more likely to become a long-time reader or enroll in Write of Passage.
Waking up early is my only chance to write consistently again. On weekdays, I’ve found that I can only write between the hours of 6-10 (am or pm). There’s too much going on outside of these blocks. I now have a 6am standing meeting to write for a few hours each morning. Fortunately, my stamina as a writer has increased. Writing used to be such a miserable experience for me that I could only focus for 90 minutes at a time. Now, I can write for three hours, which is what I’m aiming to achieve every morning.
Whenever it’s time to write, I’ll check-in on my time tracking app: Timeular . I also use software to disable Slack, Twitter, email, and text messages while I write. Keeping my phone out of sight helps too. According to this study , the mere presence of a smartphone in your field of view can lower your brain capacity even if you’re not using it.
My goal for 2023 is to log 400 hours of focused writing time.
The decision to focus on inputs instead of outputs was inspired by Isaac Asimov. He wrote for six hours per day, and either wrote or edited 500 books and almost 100,000 letters and postcards. Though I’ll never be that prolific, I’ve taken inspiration from him.
If I write for 400 hours this year and still have an unproductive year, I’ll write about my mid-life crisis in next year’s Annual Review.
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